What is the mechanism of action for SGLT2 inhibitors?
SGLT2 inhibitors function through a novel mechanism of reducing renal tubular glucose reabsorption, producing a reduction in blood glucose without stimulating insulin release. Other benefits may include favorable effects on blood pressure and weight.
What drugs are SGLT2 inhibitors?
SGLT2 inhibitors are a class of prescription medicines that are FDA-approved for use with diet and exercise to lower blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes. Medicines in the SGLT2 inhibitor class include canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin.
Do SGLT2 inhibitors cause hypoglycemia?
SGLT2 inhibitors only lower plasma glucose levels by blocking reabsorption of filtered glucose, which falls as plasma levels fall. Thus, they do not usually cause hypoglycemia in the absence of therapies that otherwise cause hypoglycemia. SGLT2 inhibitors modestly decrease blood pressure and weight [1].
What drugs are SGLT1?
Table 1
| Compound | SGLT1 ICso (nmol/L) | Selectivity (SGLT2 vs SGLT1) |
|---|---|---|
| Empagliflozin Jardiance® | ~8300 | Open in a separate window |
| Ertugliflozin Steglatro® | ~1960 | |
| Luseogliflozin Lusefi® | ~4071 | |
| Dapagliflozin Farxiga® | ~1400 |
How do SGLT inhibitors work?
How do SGLT2 inhibitors work? They work by stopping the kidneys from reabsorbing glucose back into the blood. This allows the kidneys to reduce blood glucose levels as the remaining glucose is removed from the body in your urine.
How are SGLT2 inhibitors administered?
SGLT2 inhibitors have been approved for use as a treatment for diabetes since 2013. They are taken once a day with or without food.
What does SGLT stand for?
Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters (or sodium-glucose linked transporter, SGLT) are a family of glucose transporter found in the intestinal mucosa (enterocytes) of the small intestine (SGLT1) and the proximal tubule of the nephron (SGLT2 in PCT and SGLT1 in PST). They contribute to renal glucose reabsorption.